The Significance of Race in Contemporary Urban Policing Policy

CHAPTER 3: Combative and Cooperative Law Enforcement in Post-September 11th America

Discussion Question: What is the relationship between multicultural competence and fair and equitable policing?

• Struggling to know where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to finish your assignment easily!

  
  Step 1: Define Key Concepts Using Course Vocabulary
  Define Multicultural Competence
  Start with defining multicultural competence as the capacity of police officers to comprehend, honor, and engage with people from diverse cultures.

  Example: “Multicultural competence encompasses awareness, knowledge, and skills for working effectively across cultural lines“ (Sue, 2001).

  Define Fair and Equitable Policing
  Explain that fair and equal policing involves treating all people the same under the law so that policing does not single out people based on their race, ethnicity, religion, or socioeconomic status.

   Step 2: Determine the Two’s Relationship to Each Other
  Relate Multicultural Competence to Fair Policing
  Show how officers with strong multicultural skills are more likely to apply laws impartially and avoid racial profiling.

  “Officers who have received multicultural awareness training have lower use-of-force incident rates within multicultural communities“ (Fridell, 2017).

  Apply Post-9/11 Context
  Quote the manner in which the attacks post-9/11 created growing suspicion and prejudice, i.e., against Muslim, Arab, and South Asian communities.

  Example: During the post-9/11 period, national security concerns motivated discriminatory stop-and-frisk operations and surveillance of minority communities (Akbar, 2015).

  Step 3: Answer the Question with Text Examples
  Refer to Chapter 3
  Provide examples from the chapter on “combative” vs. “cooperative” policing. Describe how cooperative policing, buttressed by cultural awareness, builds community trust.

  Example: Community policing initiatives that involve a wide cross-section of community leaders can enhance public safety and decrease racial tensions.

   Step 4: Insert Research and Cite in APA Style Add External Research
  
  Justify your response with peer-reviewed literature or research on multicultural policing.

  “When police agencies include multicultural training, complaints of racial bias decline dramatically” (Schlosser, 2013).

  Step 5: Conclude with a Clear Recap
  
  Summarize Key Points

  Multicultural competency is critical to equitable policing.

  Post-9/11 policies tended to frustrate justice by racialized implementation.

  Culturally responsive police practices facilitate trust and equity.

  Step 6: Respond to Classmates‘ Posts
  
  Review Early and Thoughtfully

  Respond to two peers‘ postings by midweek.

  Ask them questions or follow up on their analysis with terms such as implicit bias, procedural justice, or community policing.

  Example: “You had an excellent observation regarding cultural training. I would also say that procedural justice is also responsible for fostering equity by emphasizing transparency and accountability (Tyler, 2004).”

  APA Citations
  
  Akbar, A. (2015). National security‘s broken windows. UCLA Law Review, 62(5), 834–908. Fridell, L. (2017). Producing bias-free policing: A science-based approach. Springer. Schlosser, M. (2013). Multiculturalism and police training. Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice, 11(3), 173–186. Sue, D. W. (2001). Multidimensional facets of cultural competence. Jossey-Bass. Tyler, T. R. (2004). Enhancing police legitimacy. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 593(1), 84–99.

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