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Due June 26
200 words per replies
ThursdayJun 23 at 9:05pm
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According to Briere and Scott (2015), ten characteristics that may affect the posttraumatic outcome include: “intentional acts of violence, as opposed to noninterpersonal events; the presence of life threat; physical injury; in war, the extent of combat exposure and involvement in killing others; witnessing death especially when the scene is grotesque; the loss of a friend or loved one due to a trauma; life-threatening illness and especially painful medical events and procedures; unpredictability and uncontrollability; sexual victimization; traumas of longer duration or greater frequency” (p.29). Among all of these, the most difficult one that client may deal with is the in war. This applies for soldiers and veterans.
Soldiers may be exposed to different types of trauma than other people, depend on the level of combat contact and their contribution in killing others is the most difficult to deal with. Soldiers are the one who suffer most characteristics that listed above. They are not only face with killing other people, but also witnessing death of other fellow soldiers who could be their close friends. They could get physical injury, deal with life-threatening illness, surgery and painful medical procedures during combat. In addition, they live with the feeling of not knowing what will happen to them and cannot control their lives. Because of these, they may easily get traumatize compare to other people and carry it through the rest of their life. Based on a research of shows that There are about 500,000 U.S troops who were served in Iraq and Afghanistan wars in the past 13 years has been diagnosed with PTSD (Reisman, 2016).
Another estimated 700,000 Vietnam veterans which is about 25% of soldiers who served in the war have some kind of psychological care for the delayed effects of combat exposure (Reisman, 2016). Another study known as the National Vietnam Veterans Longitudinal shows that after 40 years of Vietnam war 8.5% of females and 15.2% of males among theater veterans still have PTSD 15 years or more after their services (Schlenger et.al., 2014). These indicate PTSD could last for life time and it is difficult to overcome trauma for some people. However, if they can practice and believe in God, they may recover from trauma “I sought the LORD, and he heard me, and delivered me from all my fears” (Psalms 34:4).
References:
Briere. J.N& Scott, C.(2015). Principles of trauma theray (2nd ed). Sage Publication.
Reisman. M.,(2016). PTSD treatment for veterans: what’s working, what’s new and what’s next. P.T ,41(10), 623-627, 632-634
Schlenger, W.E., Corry, N.H., Kulka, R.A., Williams, C.S., Henn-Haase, C., & Marmar, C.R. (2014). Design and methods of the national Vietnam veterans longitudinal study. International journal of methods in psychiatric research, 24(3), 186-203, doi:10.1002/mpr.1469
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Brandy Kates
Brandy Kates
ThursdayJun 23 at 9:33pm
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Briere & Scott list 10 trauma characteristics that they feel may affect the post-traumatic outcome. The ten trauma characteristics are intentional acts of violence, as opposed to non-interpersonal events, the presence of life threat, physical injury, in war, the extent of combat exposure, witnessing death, loss of a friend or loved one, life-threatening illness, and pain medications and procedures, unpredictability and uncontrollability, sexual victimization, the trauma of longer duration or greater frequency.
I believe the difficulty of dealing with each characteristic will vary from client to client. All ten characteristics would be complex for a client to deal with. The earlier the trauma starts the harder it is to deal with. “Certain traumatic events (for example, rape) are known to produce a much greater likelihood of PTSD than others” (Briere, J. N., & Scott, C. 2014).
I was struggling between the extent of combat exposure, sexual victimization, and trauma of longer duration or greater frequency. I think the trauma of longer duration or greater frequency would be the most difficult characteristic for the client to deal with. I chose this characteristic because both extent of combat exposure and sexual victimization can fall under this characteristic. “Early trauma exposure (for example, childhood sexual abuse) increases the likelihood of additional traumas later in life. Childhood traumas occur at the most vulnerable point in human development, typically involve relational maltreatment (as opposed to non-interpersonal trauma), and may continue over a long period of time, involving multiple, separate victimization experiences” (Briere, J. N., & Scott, C. 2014 p.30 & 53).
The amount and type of trauma an individual experienced make trauma response more intense, complex, and difficult. When supporting a client with trauma that has taken place over a long period of time such as from childhood to adulthood you have to proceed with caution because there are years of abuse you have to work through. “These compound child-adult trauma effects may make treatment a more complicated endeavor, since a range of symptoms and problems may be present simultaneously, each potentially requiring different approaches and strategies” (Briere, J. N., & Scott, C. 2014 p.31).
Briere, J. N., & Scott, C. (2014). Principles of Trauma Therapy: A Guide to Symptoms, Evaluation, and Treatment ( DSM-5 Update) (2nd Edition). SAGE Publications, Inc. (US). https://mbsdirect.vitalsource.com/books/9781483351230
Replies to Discussion
Required Resource
Briere, J. N., & Scott, C. (2015). Principles of Trauma Therapy: DSM-5 update (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. ISBN: 9781483351247.
Everstine, D. S., & Everstine, L. (2006). Strategic Interventions for People in Crisis, Trauma, and Disaster (Rev. ed.). New York, NY: Routledge. ISBN: 9780415950718.
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Discussion Grading Rubric
Criteria
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Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeThread
18 to >16.0 pts
Advanced
• All key components of the Discussion prompt are answered in the thread. • The thread has a clear, logical flow. Major points are stated clearly. • Major points are supported by good examples or thoughtful analysis.
16 to >15.0 pts
Proficient
• All key components of the Discussion prompt are answered in the thread. • The thread has a logical flow. Major points are stated. • Major points are supported by examples or analysis.
15 to >13.0 pts
Developing
• The Discussion prompt is addressed. • The thread lacks flow and content. Major points are unclear or confusing. • Major points include minimal examples or analysis.
13 to >0.0 pts
Below Expectations
• The Discussion prompt is addressed minimally or not at all. • The thread lacks content. Discussion points are unclear, confusing, or not discussed at all. • Points of discussion are not supported by examples or analysis.
0 pts
Not Present
18 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeReplies
17 to >15.0 pts
Advanced
• More than two reply threads with scholarly citation addresses related threads. • Each reply is a unique contribution that reflects thoughtful analysis of topic and thread.
15 to >14.0 pts
Proficient
• One reply that directly addresses related threads. • Each reply contributes to the discussion and reflects an analysis of topic and thread.
14 to >12.0 pts
Developing
• One reply that directly addresses related threads. • Each reply lacks flow and content. Replies are unclear or confusing.
12 to >0.0 pts
Below Expectations
• One reply that directly addresses related threads. • Each reply lacks content. Discussion points are unclear, confusing, or not discussed at all.
0 pts
Not Present
17 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeGrammar, spelling, APA or Turabian standards citation (if applicable), word count
15 to >13.0 pts
Advanced
• Spelling and grammar are correct. Sentences are complete, clear, and concise. • Paragraphs contain appropriately varied sentence structures. Where applicable, references are cited in current APA or Turabian standards. • Word count of 300-400 words for threads and 50 or more words for replies is met or exceeded.
13 to >12.0 pts
Proficient
• Spelling and grammar have some errors. Sentences are presented as well. • Paragraphs contain some varied sentence structures. Where applicable, references are cited with some current APA or Turabian standards. • Word count of 300-400 words for threads and 50 or more words for replies is met or exceeded.
12 to >11.0 pts
Developing
• Spelling and grammar errors distract. Select sentences are incomplete or unclear. • Paragraphs include varied sentence structures. Where applicable, references are minimally cited in current APA or Turabian standards. • Word count of 300-400 words for threads and 50 or more words for replies is met.
11 to >0.0 pts
Below Expectations
• Spelling and grammar errors distract. Sentences are incomplete or unclear. • Paragraphs are poorly formed. Where applicable, references are not cited in current APA or Turabian standards. • Word count of 300-400 words for threads and 50 or more words for replies is not met.
0 pts
Not Present
15 pts
Total Points: 50
The post Discuss replies
Due June 26
200 words per replies
ThursdayJun 23 at 9:05pm
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